நரகத்தில் நுழையும் முதல் 3 அணியினர்

(ஒருமுறை) அபூஹுரைரா (ரலி) அவர்களிடம் மக்கள் (கூடி, அவை) கலைந்தபோது, சிரியாவாசியான நாத்தில் பின் கைஸ் என்பவர், "பெரியவரே! அல்லாஹ்வின் தூதர் (ஸல்) அவர்களிடமிருந்து நீங்கள் செவியுற்ற ஹதீஸ் எதையேனும் எங்களுக்குத் தெரிவியுங்கள்" என்று கேட்டார். அதற்கு அபூஹுரைரா (ரலி) அவர்கள், "ஆம் (தெரிவிக்கிறேன்). அல்லாஹ்வின் தூதர் (ஸல்) அவர்கள் (பின்வருமாறு) கூறியதை நான் கேட்டுள்ளேன் என்றார்கள்:

மறுமை நாளில் மக்களில் முதல் முதலில் தீர்ப்பு வழங்கப்படுபவர் யாரெனில், இறைவழியில் உயிர்த் தியாகம் செய்தவரே ஆவார். அவர் இறைவனிடம் கொண்டுவரப் படும்போது, அவருக்குத் தான் வழங்கியிருந்த அருட்கொடைகளை இறைவன் எடுத்துரைப்பான். அவற்றை அவர் அறிந்துகொள்வார். பிறகு, "அந்த அருட்கொடைகளில் நீ எவ்விதம் செயல்பட்டாய்?" என்று இறைவன் கேட்பான். அவர், "(இறைவா!) உனக்காக நான் அறப்போரில் ஈடுபட்டு என் உயிரையே தியாகம் செய்தேன்" என்று பதிலளிப்பார்.

இறைவன், "(இல்லை) நீ பொய் சொல்கிறாய். (நீ எனக்காக உயிர்த் தியாகம் செய்யவில்லை.) மாறாக, "மாவீரன்" என்று (மக்களிடையே) பேசப்படுவதற்காகவே நீ போரிட்டாய். அவ்வாறு சொல்லப்பட்டுவிட்டது. (உனது நோக்கம் நிறைவேறிவிட்டது)" என்று கூறுவான். பிறகு இறைவனின் கட்டளைப்படி முகம் குப்புற இழுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டு, அவர் நரகத்தில் எறியப்படுவார்.

பிறகு கல்வியைத் தாமும் கற்று அதைப் பிறருக்கும் கற்பித்தவரும் குர்ஆனைக் கற்றுணர்ந்தவருமான (மார்க்க அறிஞர்) ஒருவர் (இறைவனிடம்) கொண்டுவரப்படுவார். அவருக்குத் தான் வழங்கியிருந்த அருட்கொடைகளை இறைவன் எடுத்துரைப்பான். அவற்றை அவர் அறிந்து கொள்வார். பிறகு "அந்த அருட்கொடைகளில் நீ எவ்விதம் செயல்பட்டாய்?" என்று இறைவன் கேட்பான். அவர், "(இறைவா!) கல்வியை நானும் கற்று, பிறருக்கும் அதை நான் கற்பித்தேன். உனக்காகவே குர்ஆனை ஓதினேன்" என்று பதிலளிப்பார்.

அதற்கு இறைவன், "(இல்லை) நீ பொய் சொல்கிறாய். (எனக்காக நீ கல்வியைக் கற்கவுமில்லை; கற்பிக்கவுமில்லை.)"அறிஞர்" என்று சொல்லப்பட வேண்டும் என்பதற்காகவே நீ கல்வி கற்றாய்; "குர்ஆன் அறிஞர்" என (மக்களிடையே) பேசப்படுவதற்காகவே நீ குர்ஆனை ஓதினாய். அவ்வாறு சொல்லப்பட்டுவிட்டது (உனது நோக்கம் நிறைவேறி விட்டது)" என்று கூறுவான். பிறகு இறைவனின் கட்டளைப்படி முகம் குப்புற இழுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டு, அவர் நரகத்தில் எறியப்படுவார்.

பிறகு இறைவன் தாராளமான வாழ்க்கை வசதிகளும் அனைத்து விதமான செல்வங்களும் வழங்கியிருந்த பெரிய செல்வர் ஒருவர் இறைவனிடம் கொண்டுவரப்படுவார். அவருக்குத் தான் வழங்கியிருந்த அருட்கொடைகளை இறைவன் எடுத்துரைப்பான். அவற்றை அவர் அறிந்துகொள்வார். பிறகு, "அந்த அருட்கொடைகளில் நீ எவ்விதம் செயல்பட்டாய்?" என்று இறைவன் கேட்பான். அதற்கு அவர், "நீ எந்தெந்த வழிகளில் எல்லாம் பொருள் செலவழிக்கப்படுவதை விரும்புகிறாயோ, அந்த வழிகளில் எதையும் விட்டுவிடாமல் அனைத்திலும் நான் உனக்காக எனது பொருளைச் செலவிட்டேன்" என்று பதிலளிப்பார்.

அதற்கு இறைவன், "(இல்லை) நீ பொய் சொல்கிறாய் "இவர் ஒரு புரவலர்" என (மக்களிடையே) பேசப்படுவதற்காகவே நீ இவ்வாறு (செலவு) செய்தாய். (உன் எண்ணப்படி) அவ்வாறு சொல்லப்பட்டுவிட்டது. (உனது எண்ணம் நிறைவேறிவிட்டது)" என்று கூறிவிடுவான். பிறகு இறைவனின் கட்டளைப்படி முகம் குப்புற இழுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டு, அவர் நரகத்தில் எறியப்படுவார்.

- மேற்கண்ட ஹதீஸ் மற்றோர் அறிவிப்பாளர்தொடர் வழியாகவும் வந்துள்ளது.

அதில், "அபூஹுரைரா (ரலி) அவர்களிடமிருந்து மக்கள் கலைந்து சென்றபோது சிரியா நாட்டைச் சேர்ந்த "நாத்தில் பின் கைஸ்" என்பவர் அபூஹுரைரா (ரலி) அவர்களிடம் கேட்டார்..." என ஹதீஸ் ஆரம்பமாகிறது. மற்றவை மேற்கண்ட ஹதீஸில் உள்ளதைப் போன்றே இடம் பெற்றுள்ளன.

அறிவிப்பவர்: சுலைமான் பின் யசார் (ரஹ்)
நூல்: ஸஹீஹ் முஸ்லிம் 3865 
English Reference - (Sahih Muslim : Volume 5, Chapter 43, Hadith 4923)

Four Great Women In Islam

Anas (RA) reports that Rasulullah (SAW) has said: “From among the women of the world who have reached perfection and who are worthy of following are (the following four): Maryam the daughter of Imrân; Khadijah daughter of Khuwaylid; Fatima daughter of Muhammed and Asiyah wife of Fir’aun” (Tirmidhi).

(The scholars of Hadith are of the view that this statement was made before Ayesha (RA) reached the position of excellence whereupon Rasulullah (SAW) said: “The virtue of Ayesha over all the women of the world is like the virtue of tharîd (a meat dish) over all other food.”

The Hadith however refers to four women who acquired perfection in faith and character by virtue of their devotion, patience, toil and morality. Their lives radiated with piety, trust, patience and gratitude. Their lives serve as beacons of guidance for all believers, especially in times of hardship, difficulty and struggle.)

Maryam: The Daughter of Imrân

Maryam Alyhers-Salam spent her young days in total seclusion within the precincts of Baitul Muqaddas. She devoted her life to prayer and worship of the Almighty. Although unmarried she miraculously gave birth to Isa Alayhis- Salâm. She was accused of adultery and chastised for bringing disrepute to the family name. Who would have believed her innocence when she came to her people as a spinster with a child in hand, and how could she exonerate herself from the charge of adultery? Just how could an unmarried woman convince her people that this was no ordinary birth… nor was this an ordinary child? Allah says:

“So she came to her people carrying the child with her.” They said:” O Maryam you have indeed done an amazing thing” … she pointed to him- they exclaimed: “How can we talk to one who is a child in the cradle?” But He (the child) said: “I am the servant of Allâh who has given me the Book and made me a Prophet.” (Surah Maryam 19:27-30)

The breast suckling child spoke and vindicated his mother from the accusation of infidelity. When she gave her life to Allâh, Allâh gave her a child that protected her integrity even whilst he was in the cradle.

Khadijah Daughter of Khuwaylid

She was extremely wise, intelligent, gentle, and influential called Tahira [chaste and pure] even in the era of ignorance. She was exceptionally wealthy and a prosperous business woman. She married Rasulullah (SAW) at the age of 40 while he was 25. She provided the moral, financial, and emotional support for Rasulullah (SAW) when he was blessed with Nubuwwat. When Rasulullah (SAW) first saw Jibra’îl (AS) in the cave of Hira, he was terrified and feared for his life. He ran down the mountain trembling and crying: “Cover me up! Cover me up!” It was Khadijah (RA) who consoled him; she was his pillar of support; she believed in him when everyone else doubted him. She served as his refuge, consoled him, supported him and cared for him when he was alone, confused and terrified. She stood by him when everyone else shunned him. Khadijah (RA) rallied to the call of Islam, she gave a home Rasulullah (SAW), she was his first confidant, and tower of strength.

Fatima Daughter of Muhammed

Rasulullah (SAW) would often say: “Fatima is of my flesh, he who angers her, angers me” (Bukhari & Muslim)

Fatimah (RA) was the youngest child of Rasulullah (SAW) and the only child who survived him. Hers was a life of extreme poverty and struggle. She constantly saw her father being mistreated, insulted and humiliated by the disbelievers. One day, when she was barely ten years old, she accompanied her father to the Masjid al-Haram. He stood in the place known as al-Hijr facing the Kaaba and began to pray. Fatimah stood at his side. A group of Quraish gathered around him. They included Abu Jahl ibn Hisham, the Prophet’s uncle, Uqbah ibn Abi Muayt, Ummayyah ibn Khalaf, and Shaybah and Utbah. Abu Jahl, the ringleader, asked: “Which of you can bring the entrails of a slaughtered animal and throw it on Muhammad?” Uqbah ibn Abi Muayt, one of the vilest of the lot, volunteered and hurried off. He returned with the obnoxious filth and threw it on the shoulders of the Prophet while he was still prostrating. Imagine the feelings of Fatimah as she saw her father being humiliated in this manner. She went up to her father and removed the filth and then stood firmly and angrily before the group of Quraish thugs and lashed out against them. Such scenes of vicious opposition and harassment against her father and the early Muslims were witnessed by the young Fatimah almost everyday. She did not meekly stand aside but joined in the struggle in defense of her father and his noble mission.

Asiyah wife of Fir’aun

“And for those who have faith Allâh has set forth a parable in the (story) of Fir’aun’s wife when she prayed: O my sustainer! Build for me a mansion in paradise by You and save me from Fir’aun and his doings and save me from all evil doing people.”

When the magicians fell into sajda and declared their faith in Allâh and accepted Moosa (AS) as the Nabi of Allâh, the wife of Fir’aun also declared her faith. Fir’aun began punishing her by pegging her to the ground and exposing her to the midday sun. Whenever he turned away from her the angels would give her shade with their wings. He then gave her a choice: “Either retract from your belief or be prepared to be crushed by a huge boulder.” She chose to be crushed. As she was placed onto the ground she raised her sight towards the sky, she saw her place in Jannah and prayed: “O my sustainer! Build for me a mansion in paradise by You and save me from Fir’aun and his doings and save me from all evil doing people.” As she said this, her rûh left her body and the boulder then crushed her lifeless body.

These four women changed the course of human history, through their perseverance, faith and courage. Maryam Alayhas-Salâm life was characterized by piety, chastity and faith, Khadijah (RA) neither succumbed to the trappings of wealth, nor to power and fame, Fatima (RA) made Sabr in the face of unending hardships and was crowned the ‘leader of all women in Jannah’, whilst the wife of Fir’aun chose faith over royalty. These were women distinguished by Sabr who found the true friendship of Allâh through their unfailing steadfastness in the face of grinding sacrifices.

“May Allah grant us the tawfeeq to emulate the beautiful conduct of these icons of virtue, humility and courage. Aameen Thuma Aameen”

Prophet Way of Prayer (Salah) according to hadith

Adullâh said:

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Islam is built on five (pillars): Testimony that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger, establishing the

Salât, paying the Zakât, pilgrimage to the House, and fasting (during the month of) Ramadân."

Reference: Sahih Muslim 113  

Stand upright facing the direction of Al-Ka'bah.  This position is called Qiyaam (standing) and the direction is called Qiblah in Arabic.

....When you get up for the Salat (prayer), perform the ablution properly and then face the Qiblah.... 

Narrated: Abu Huraira (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 6667  

Messenger of Allah said: "Perfect (straighten) the rows, and stand shoulder to shoulder, and leave no gaps, and be gentle with the hands of your brothers, and do not leave gaps for Shaitan. Whoever connects a row, Allah will connect him (with His Mercy), and whoever severs a row, Allah will sever (His Mercy) from him." (Hasan)

Narrated: Abdullãh bin 'Umar (r.a)

Reference: Sunan Abu Dawud 666

Messenger of Allah said: "Line yourselves up tightly, and be close together, and make (your) necks straight (in one line). For i swear by Him in Whose Hands is my soul, I see Shaiãn enter between the gaps in the rows as if he is a small black goat." (Sahih)

Narrated: Anas bin Mãlik

Reference: Sunan Abu Dawud 667

The Prophet said, "Straighten your rows or Allah will alter your faces."

Narrated: Abu Hurairah (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 717

Once the Iqama was pronounced and Allah's Messenger faced us and said, "Straighten your rows and stand closer together, for I see you from behind my back."

Narrated: Anas bin Malik (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 719

The Prophet said, "Straighten your rows for I see you from behind my back." Anas added, "Everyone of us used to put his shoulder with the shoulder of his companion and his foot with the foot of his companion."

Narrated: Anas bin Malik (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 725

No second row should start unless the first row is complete

The Messenger of Allah said: "Do you not (wish to) line up just like the Angels line up in front of their Lord?" We asked: "And how do the Angels line up in front of their Lord?" He said: "They complete (and fill up) the first row, and they line up closely in the rows." (Sahih)

Narrated: Jãbir bin Samurah

Reference: Sunan Abu Dawud 661

Niyah (Intention in your heart)

The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.

Narrated: Umar bin Al-Khattab (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 1  

Actions are but by intentions, and each man will have but that which he intended.

Narrated: Umar bin Al-Khattab (r.a)

Reference: Sunan An-Nasai 3467  

NOTE: No need to utter Niyah by mouth, keep intention (Niyah) in your mind. (To make Niyah, i.e., to say Nawaytuan usallia lillahi ta’ala rakatai ...... IS BIDA’H, and therefore must be avoided) 

Takbeer Tahrimah

....When you get up for the Salat (prayer), perform the ablution properly and then face the Qiblah and say Takbir (Allahu Akbar),....

Narrated: Abu Huraira (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 6667  

Raising of Hands Till Shoulder or ears

Allah's Messenger used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening As-Salat (the prayer)....

Narrated: Salim bin 'Abdullãh

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 735

Messenger of Allah said the Takbir, he raised his hands until they were level with his ears......

Narrated: Mâlik bin Al-Huwairith

Reference: Sahih Muslim 865

The Messenger of Allah, when he started the prayer, would raise his hands extended.

Narrated: Abu Hurairah 

Reference: Sunan Abu Dawud 753

NOTE: Touching the earlobe ...... IS BIDA’H, and therefore must be avoided 

Where to place hand during salah 

The people were ordered to place the right hand on the left forearm in As-Salãt (the prayer). Abu Hazim said, "I knew that the order was from the Prophet."

Narrated: Sahl bin Sa'd (r.a) 

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 740

Wail bin Hujr said: "I said: 'I am going to watch how the Messenger of Allah prays.' So I watched him and he stood and said the Takbir, and raised his hands until they were in level with his ears, then he placed his right hand over his left hand, wrist and lower forearm...... (Sahih)

Reference: Sunan An-Nasai 890

It was reported from Sulaiman bin Musa, from Tawus who said: "The Messenger of Allah used to place his right hand on his left hand, then grasp both of them on his chest while he was praying." (Sahih)

Reference: Sunan Abu Dawud 759

NOTE: The hadith conclude that you should keep first left hand and only the right hand  and you should placed right on the left.

Eyes should point to the spot where the forehead rests in sajdah (Prostration)

The Prophet said, "What is wrong with those people who look towards the sky during salat (prayer)?" His tone grew stern while delivering this speech and he said, "They should stop (looking towards the sky during the Salat); otherwise their eyes (or eyesight) would be snatched away."

Narrated: Anas bin Malik (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 750

I asked Allah's Messenger about looking hither and thither in As-salat (the prayer). He replied, "It is a way of stealing by which Satan takes away (a portion) from the Salat (prayer) of a person."

Narrated: Aishah (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 751

NOTE: Closing eyes is makrooh.....

Supplication between the Takbir and Recitation

Allah's Messenger used to keep silent between the Takbir and the recitation of the Qur'an (Surat A1-Fatiha) and that interval of silence used to be a short one. I said to the Prophet, "May my parents be sacrificed for you! What do you say in the pause between Takbir and recitation?" The Prophet said, "I say, 'Allahumma, ba'id baini wa baina khatayaya kama ba'adta bainalmashriqi wal-maghrib. Allahumma, naqqini min khatayaya kama yunaqqa-athth-thawbul-abyadu minad-danas. Allahumma, aghsil khatayaya bil ma'i wa th-thalji wal barad [O Allah! Set me apart from my sins (faults) as the east and west are set apart from each other and clean me from sins as a white garment is cleaned of dirt (after thorough washing). O Allah! Wash off my sins with water, snow and hail.]" (Sahih)

Narrated: Abu Hurairah (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 744, Sunan An-Nasai 896

Messenger of Allah started to pray, he would say Takbir, then say: "Wajahtu wajhi lilladhi fataras-samawatiwal-arda hanifan wa ma ana minal-mushrikin. Inna salati wa nusuki wa mahyaya wamamati lillahi rabbil-alamin, la sharika lahu, wa bidhalika umirtu wa ana min al-muslimin. Allahumma! Antal-maliku la ilaha illa ant, ana 'abduka zalamtu nafsi wa'taraftu bidhanbi faghfirli dhunubi jami'an, la yaghfirudh-dhunuba illa anta, wahdini liahsanil-akhlaqi, la yahdi li ahsaniha illa anta wasrif 'anni sayy'aha la yasrifu 'anni sayy'aha illa anta, labaika wa sa'daika, wal-khairu kulluhu fi yadaika wash-sharru laisa ilaika ana bika wa ilaika tabarakta wa ta'alaita astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaik. (Verily, I have turned my face toward Him Who has created the heavens and the Earth Hanifa (worshipping none but Allah Alone), and I am not of the idolaters'. Verily, my Salah, my sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for All, the Lord of the all that exists. He has no partner. And of this I have been commanded, and I am one of the Muslims. O Allah, You are the Sovereign and there is none worthy of worship but You. I am Your slave, I have wronged myself and I acknowledge my sin. Forgive me all my sins for no one forgives sins but You. Guide me to the best of manners for none can guide to the best of them but You. Protect me from bad manners for none can protect against them but You. I am at Your service, all goodness is in Your hands, and evil is not to be attributed to You. I rely on You and turn to You, blessed and exalted are You, I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You." (Sahih)

Narrated: Ali (r.a)

Reference: Sunan An-Nasai 898

When the Messenger of Allah started to pray, he would say: 'Subhanakallahumma, wa bihamdika tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuk (Glory and praise be to You, O Allah. Blessed be Your name and exalted be Your majesty, there is none worthy of worship except You.)'(Hasan)

Narrated: Abu Sa'eed (r.a) & Aishah (r.a)

Reference: Sunan An-Nasai 901, Jami At-Tirmidhi 243

Ta'awwudh (Arabic: تعوذ) 

The term "A`ūdhu billahi min ash-Shaitani R rajīmi" That is an Arabic phrase "So when you recite the Qur'an, [first] seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the expelled [from His mercy].

Surah An Nahl : 16:98

Tasmiyah (Arabic: تَسمِیه) 

Anas was asked, "How was the recitation (of the Quran) of the Prophet?" He replied, "It was characterised by the prolongation of certain sounds." He then recited: "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful,"prolonging the pronunciation of "In the Name of Allah,' 'the Most Gracious,' and 'the Most Merciful'.

Narrated: Qatada

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 5046

NOTE: You should not recite tasmiyah loudly it should be avoided

Recitation of the Qur'an (Surat Al-Fatiha) is compulsory for the Imam and the followers, at home and on journey, in all As-Salat (the prayers) whether the recitation is done silently or aloud.

Allah's Messenger said, "Whoever does not recite Surat Al-Fatiha (the first Surah of the Qur'an) in his Salat (prayer), his Salat is invalid."

Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (r.a)

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 756

NOTE: It is compulsory to recite surah al fatiha

 What to say after the Takbir

The Prophet, Abu Bakr and 'Umar used to start As-Salat (the prayer) with "Al-hamdu lillahi Rabbil-alamin (All praises and thanks be to Allah the Lord of the Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists)."

Narrated: Anas bin Malik

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 743

Note: Alhamdu lillahi rabbi alAAalameen, Arrahmani arraheem, Maliki yawmi addeen, Iyyaka naAAbudu wa-iyyaka nastaAAeen, Ihdina assirata almustaqeem, Sirata allatheena anAAamta AAalayhim ghayri almaghdoobi AAalayhim wala addalleen. 

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists). The Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The Only Owner (and the Only Ruling Judge) of the Day of Recompense (i.e. the Day of Resurrection). You (Alone) we worship, and you (Alone) we ask for help (for each and everything). Guide us to the Straight Way. The Way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace , not (the way) of those who earned Your Anger (such as the Jews), nor of those who went astray (such as the Christians). 

Saying of 'Amin aloud by the followers

Allah's Messenger said, "Say Amin when the Imam says Ghairil-maghdubi 'alaihim walad-dal-lin [not the path of those who earn Your Anger (such as Jews) nor of those who go astray (such as Christians)], all the past sins of the person whose saying (of Amin) coincides with that of the angels, will be forgiven.

Narrated: Abu Hurairah

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 782 

The Prophet said: "When the Imam says 'Amin' then (all of you) say 'Amin.' For whoever's 'Amin' concurs with the 'Amin' of the angels, then his past sins will be forgiven." (Sahih)

Narrated: Abu Hurairah

Reference: Jami At-Tirmidhi 250, Sunan Abu Dawud 936, Sunan Ibn Majah 851

To recite only Surat Al-Fatiha in the last two Rak'a during a four Rak'a Salat (prayer)

My father said, "The Prophet used to recite Surat Al-Fatiha followed by another Surah in the first two Rak'a of the Salat (prayer) and used to recite only Surat Al-Fatiha in the last two Rak'a of the Zuhr prayer. Sometimes a Verse or so was audible and he used to prolong the first Rak'a more than the second and used to do the same in the 'Asr and Fajr prayers."

Narrated: Abdullah bin Abi Qatada

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 776

 Rukūʿ (رُكوع‎‎) - Bowing

To raise both hands on saying the first Takbir simultaneously with opening the Salãt (prayer) 

and

What To Say When Raising The Head From Bowing

My father said, "Allah's Messenger used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening As-Salat (the prayer); and on saying the Takbir for bowing. And on raising up his head from bowing he used to do the same and then say 'Sami' Allahu liman hamida, Rabbana wa lakal-hamd.' And he did not do that (i.e., raising his hands) in prostrations."

Narrated: Salim bin 'Abdullah

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 735

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'The Imam is appointed to be followed, so when he says the Takbir, say the Takbir, and when he recites, be silent, and when he says: "Sami' Allahu liman hamidah (Allah hears those who praise Him)," say: Rabbana lakal-hamd (Our Lord, to You be praise)." (Sahih)

Narrated: Abü Hurairah

Reference: Sunan An-Nasai 922, Sunan Ibn Majah 875

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'The Imâm is a shield. If he is offering the prayer sitting, then pray sitting. When he says 'Sami'a Allâhu liman hamidah,' then say: 'Allâhumma Rabbanâ lakal-hamd,' for if the words of the people of earth coincide with the words of the inhabitants of heavens, his previous sins will be forgiven for him."

Narrated: Abü Hurairah

Reference: Sahih Muslim 934

The Messenger of Allah said: "The Imâm is appointed to be followed, so when he says the Takbir, then say the Takbir, when he bows, then bow; when he says: 'Sami'a Allâhu liman hamidah,' then say: 'Allâhumma Rabbanâ lakal-hamd.' If he is praying standing, then pray standing, and if he is praying sitting, then you should all pray sitting."

Narrated: Abü Hurairah

Reference: Sahih Muslim 935

It was narrated that  said: "When the Messenger of Allah raised his head from Ruku', he said: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah, Allahumma, Rabbana lakal-hamd, mil' as-samawati wa mil' al-ard wa mil' ma shi'ta min shay'in ba'd (Allah hears those who praise Him. O Allah! O our Lord, to You is the praise as much as fills the heavens, as much as fills the earth and as much as You will after that)."' (Sahih)

Narrated: Ibn Abu Awfa

Reference: Sunan Ibn Majah 878

Putting The Hands On The Knees

"I bowed (in prayer) beside my father, and I put my hands between my knees. He struck my hand and said: 'We used to do that, then we were commanded to put them on the knees.'" (Sahih)

Narrated: Mus'ab bin Sa'd

Reference: Sunan Ibn Majah 873

 To raise both hands while saying Takbir [on opening As-Salat (the prayer)], and while bowing and on raising up the head (after bowing)

I saw Malik bin Huwairith saying Takbir and raising both his hands [on starting As-Salat (the prayer)] and raising his hands on bowing and also on raising up his head after bowing. Malik bin Huwairith said, "Allah's Messenger did the same."

Narrated: Abu Qilaba

Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 737

Sujud (سُجود‎‎) or sajdah (سجدة‎‎) - Prostration

"I have been commanded to prostrate on seven bones.'' (Sahih)

Narrated: Ibn Abbas 
Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 883

The Prophet was ordered (by Allah) to prostrate on seven body-parts and not to tuck up the clothes or hair [while offering Salat (prayers)]'(1). Those parts are: the forehead (along with the tip of nose), both hands, both knees, and (toes of) both feet. 

Narrated: Ibn Abbas 
Reference: Sahih Al-Bukhari 809,810

*(1) H.809. While offering Salat (prayers) one should not engage in arranging his clothes or removing his hair from his forehead. He should devote himself to the Salat with submissiveness.

The Messenger of Allah said: "I have been commanded to prostrate on seven bones: The forehead" - and he pointed to his nose - "the hands, the feet and the ends of the feet (toes), and not to tuck up my garment or hair."
Narrated: Ibn Abbas 
Reference: Sahih Muslim 1098

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'When you prostrate, place your palms (on the ground) and raise your elbows."
Narrated: Al-Barâ 
Reference: Sahih Muslim 1104

"The Messenger of Allah said 'Be moderate in prostration; none of you should spread his forearms (along the ground) like a dog."

Narrated: Anas
Reference: Sahih Muslim 1102

History of Adhan & What to say when hearing the adhan (call to prayer)

In Makkah, the number of muslims were small. They could make Jama’ah without any call. When Prophet Muhammad (SAW) arrived in Madinah, the number of Muslims started to increase. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) built Masjid Al-Nabawi to offer Salaah regularly. By the second year of Hijrah, the number of Muslims had increased. The people announced in a loud voice. “As-salat ul-jamiah (the Salaah for jama’ah is ready).” Those who heard this call came to join the Salaah. Muslims felt the need to find a way to inform people to come to the Salaah. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) asked his Sahabah for their advice.

Some Sahabah suggested that the muslims, like the jews, should blow a horn to announce the time for the Salaah. Others said, the muslims might ring bells as the christians do in their churches. A few proposed that the muslims, like the fire-worshippers, kindle a fire to call people to pray. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) wasn’t satisfied with any of these ideas. He waited to hear a better idea or to receive guidance from Allah.

One day, a Sahabi, Abdullah ibn Zaid came to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! I had a beautiful dream last night.”

“What was the dream you saw”, Prophet Muhammad (SAW) asked Zaid.

Zaid answered, “I’ve seen that a man wearing green garment taught me the words of the Adhan and advised me to call people to prayer with these words.” He then recited the words of the Adhan.

The words were beautiful and full of meaning. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) recognized that the dream of Zaid was true. He asked Zaid to teach the words of Adhan to Bilal.

Bilal stood up and called the Adhan. The voice of Bilal resounded throughout the Madinah. People came running to Masjid Al-Nabawi. Umar ibn Khatib was one of the persons who came and said: “O Messanger of Allah, an angel taught me the same words in my dream last night.” And Prophet Muhammad (SAW) accepted this Adhan as the official call to the Salaah.

---------------*****---------------

Abu 'Umair bin Anas narrated from one of his uncles from the Ansãr that he said: "The Prophet was concerned about finding an appropriate method for congregating the people for the prayer. Someone suggested, 'Raise among when the time for prayer comes. When they see it, they will inform one another (and come to the Masjid).' But he did not like this (idea). So (someone) mentioned (using) a horn" - aning a Shabur - and Ziyad (the narrators) said: "The Sabur (horn of the Jews)," - " but he did not like that either, and he said: 'This is of the custom of the jews.' Then (someone) mentioned (using) a bell, but he said: 'This is of the custom of the Christians.' 'Abdullãh bin Zaid bin 'Abd Rabbih returned (to his home) troubled, due to the concern of the Messenger of Allah. He was shown the Adhãn in his dream, so he set forth to the Messenger of Allah and informed him: '0 Messenger of Allah! I was in a state between sleep and wakefulness, when a person came to me and showed me (how to perform) the Adhãn.' And 'Umar bin Al-Khattãb had seen it before that, but he did not inform (anyone) about it for twenty days, then he informed the Messenger of Allah . He asked him: 'What prevented you from informing us?' He replied: "Abdullãh bin Zaid preceded me, so I was shy (to inform you).' The Messenger of Allah then said: '0 Bilãl! Stand up and see what 'Abdullãh bin Zaid commands you to do, then do it.' So Bilal called the Adhan." Abü Bishir (one of the narrators) said: "Abu 'Umair informed me that the Ansãr think that, were it not for the fact that 'Abdullãh bin Zaid was sick at the time (of the dream), the Messenger of Allah would have made him the Mu'adhdhin." (Sahih)
Narrated: Abu 'Umair bin Anas 
Referance : Abu dawud 498

---------------*****---------------

A Translation of the Adhaan (Call to Prayer) 

The Prophet of Allah taught him this Adhan: "Allâhu akbaru Allâhu akbar; Ashhadu an lâ ilâha illallâh, Ashhadu an lâ ilâha illallâh; Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasul Allah, Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasul Allah (Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah; I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)." Then he should go back and say: "Ashhadu an lâ ilâha illallâh (I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah)," twice; "Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasul Allah (I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)," twice; "Hayya 'alas-salât (Come to prayer)," twice; "Hayya 'alal-faláh (Come to prosperity)," twice. (One of the narrators) Ishâq added: "Allâhu akbaru Allâhu akbar; La ilâha illallâh (Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; none has the right to be worshipped but Allah)."

Narrated :Abü Mahdhürah

Reference : Sahih Muslim 842

1. The Sunnah recommends that while the adhan is being called, one should listen attentively and repeat every line silently after the Mu'adhdhin (the one who calls the adhan), but when he says "Hayya 'alas-Salah" and "Hayya 'ala-l-falah" one should say: La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah (There is no might or power except with ALLAH)

Allah's Messenger said, "Whenever you hear the Adhan, say just as the Mu'adhdhin is saying.

Narrated :Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri

Reference : Sahih Bukhari 611

• Narrated by Yahya "Some of my companions told me that Hisham had said", "When the Mu'adhdhin said, "Haiya alas-salah (come for the prayer)." Muawiya said, "La hawla wala quwata illa billah" and added, "We heard your Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saying the same." [Sahih Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 11 :: Hadith 587]

2. Invoke blessings to the Prophet (peace be upon him)

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you hear the Mo'athen calling for the prayer, repeat his words then ask ALLAH's blessings upon me, because the one who asks ALLAH's blessings upon me once will be rewarded ten blessings by ALLAH." [Muslim, The Book of Prayer, Hadith 384]

The text of As-Salawat Al-Ibrahimiah is:

اللهم صــل علٰی محمد و علٰی آل محمد كما صليت علٰی إبراهيم و علٰی آل إبراهيم انك حميد مجيد

اللهم بارك علٰی محمد و علٰی آل محمد كما بار كت علٰی إبراهيم و علٰی آل إبراهيم انك حميد مجيد

 (Allaahumma salli alaa Muhammadin wa alaa aali Muhammadin, kamaa sallayta alaa Ibraaheema wa alaa aali Ibraaheema innaka Hameedun Majeed. Allahumma Baarik alaa Muhammadin wa alaa aali Mohammadin kamaa baarakta alaa Ibraaheema wa alaa aali Ibraaheema innaka Hameedun Majeed - i.e. O ALLAH, bestow your favor on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad as You have bestowed Your favor on Ibrahim and on the family of Ibrahim, You are Praiseworthy, Most Glorious. O ALLAH, bless Muhammad and the family of Mohammad as You have blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, You are Praiseworthy, Most Glorious). [Al-Bukhari , The Book of Stories of the Prophet, Hadith 3370]

3. After the adhan, it is recommended to say the following dua (supplication):

Allahumma rabba hadhihi-d-da‘awati-t-tamma​ti wa-s-Salati-l-qa’imati, ati Muhammadan il-wasilata wa-l-fadilata (wa-d-darajata-r-rafî‘ati)​ wa-b‘ath-hu maqamam mahmudan illadhi wa‘adtahu (innaka la tukhliful mi'ad)

0 ALLAH, Lord of this most perfect call, and of the Prayer that is about to be established, grant to Muhammad the favor of nearness (to You) and excellence and a place of distinction, and exalt him to a position of glory that You have promised him.

This dua has variations which include 'wa-d-darajata-r-rafî‘ati'​ and 'innaka la tukhlifu'l mi'ad'.

The addition of "innaka la tukhlifu'l mi'ad" in the supplication was narrated by Imam Bayhaqi in his Sunan, and accepted for action by the fuqaha, as mentioned by Ibn Abidin in Radd al-Muhtar, quoting Shurunbulali's Imdad al-Fattah and Ibn al-Humam's Fath al-Qadir.

 • Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah [may Allah be pleased with him ]: Allah's Messenger [peace and blessings be upon him] said: "Whoever after listening to the adhan says (dua is given above) then intercession for me will be permitted for him on the Day of Resurrection". [Sahih Bukhari - Book 11:588]

 • Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As [ may Allah be pleased with him] reported: I heard the Messenger of ALLAH (peace be upon him) saying, "When you hear the Adhan, repeat what the Mu'adhdhin says. Then ask ALLAH to exalt my mention because everyone who does so will receive in return ten rewards from ALLAH. Then beseech ALLAH to grant me Al-Wasilah (which is said in the dua above), which is a high rank in Jannah, fitting for only one of ALLAH's slaves; and I hope that I will be that man. If anyone asks Al-Wasilah for me, it becomes incumbent upon me to intercede for him." [Sahih Muslim]

4. The hearer should say after hearing adhan:

"وَأَنَا أَشَْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، رَضِيتُ بِاللهِ رَبَّاً وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رِسُولاً وَبِالإِْسلاَمِ دِيناً".

Wa 'anaa 'ash-hadu 'an laa 'ilaaha 'illallaahu wahdahu laa shareeka lahu wa 'anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa Rasooluhu, radheetu billaahi Rabban, wa bi-Muhammadin Rasoolan wa bil'islaami deenan.

 (And I also bear witness that there is no deity has the right to be worshipped but ALLAH alone, Who has no partner, and that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger. I am pleased with ALLAH as my Lord, with Muhammad (peace be upon him) as my Messenger and with Islam as my religion.)

[To be recited in Arabic after the Mu'aththin’s Tashahhud or the words of affirmation of Faith]) [Muslim, The Book of Prayer, Hadith 386].

5. Make dua to ALLAH in between the adhan and iqamaah

Finally, you can ask ALLAH The Almighty anything for yourself and ask the grace of ALLAH because your supplication will be answered this time.

 The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Repeat the words of the Mo'athen and when you finish, ask ALLAH what you want and you will get it" [Abu Daawood, The Book of Prayer, Hadith 524. Al-Haafidh Ibn Hajar graded the Hadeeth as Hasan and Ibn Hibbaan gave it a grading of authentic

( "Kitab As salat" Dawud :: Book 2 : Hadith 521) Narrated Anas ibn Malik: "The supplication made between the adhan and the iqamah is not rejected".

SUMMARY OF WHAT WE SHOULD DO UPON HEARING THE ADHAN

1. Stay focused on the adhan.

2.Repeat what the muadhin say except for the hayya alas-salah and hayya-ala-falah. Instead say la hawla walakuata illa bila

 3. After adhan sends salaah to Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)

4. Then say the dua’ wasilah

5. Make dua between azan and iqamah.